Nitric acid is usually used in the making of explosives and fireworks. Physical and thermodynamic properties of pure chemicals data compilation. White fuming nitric acid, also called 100% nitric acid or wfna, is very close to anhydrous nitric acid. Kurt was searching for information regarding the fundamentals of hno 3 oxidations. Biochemical oxygen demand bod chemical oxygen demand cod thod water 7732 18 5 persistence and degradability not established. The 2030% level of nitric acid in cleaning products, which are sold to. Dear kurt, thanks for contacting inorganic ventures. Nearly 250 years after its discovery, wilhelm ostwald developed the ostwald process in 1901, which became the primary method of producing nitric acid. Note that the properties of fuming more hazardous nitric acid are not described in this clip. The most common use is in fertilizer manufacturing. A mnemonic device has been designed for writing reactions of metals with nitric acid.
This solution is prepared by adding 20g nitric acid 6370% hno 3 to 100ml water to produce a dilute solution with approximately 125gl of hno 3. The device utilizes a left hand and schematically indicates the product of reduction of nitric acid as a function of two factors. The crystal structures of the lowtemperature and highpressure polymorphs of nitric acid pdf. No test data on mobility of the components available. Nitric acid, 70%, technical, msds, material saftey data sheet, 7697372, 7732185 alternative views. Nitric acid creationwiki, the encyclopedia of creation. Nitric acid hno3, also known as aqua fortis latin for strong water and spirit of niter, is a.
In the tests embodied in this paper, a uniform procedure was employed. Experiments show that mixtures of over 50% nitric acid by weight in acetic anhydride may act as detonating explosives bcisc 42. Gold solubility in nitric acid of copperbullionsalloys. Fuming nitric acid is concentrated nitric acid that contains dissolved nitrogen dioxide. Seastar chemicals inc msds nitric acid page 2 of 6 section 4 first aid measures eyes. Cdc niosh pocket guide to chemical hazards nitric acid. Physical properties study for tbphno3diluent system. The total yield of nitric acid is smaller, however, as the nitre cake retains some of the nitrogen compounds, and the resulting acid has a high nitrous acid content. Instead, a nitrate salt, water and nitrogen dioxide gas are formed.
Deltastep is a social initiative by graduates of iimahmedabad, iimbangalore, iitkharagpur, isikolkata, columbia university usa, ntu singapore and other leading institutes. Oxides of nitrogen and properties of nitric acids with videos. Nitric acid is also known as aqua fortis, azotic acid and hydrogen nitrate. Nitric oxide is a colorless, toxic, nonflammable gas. Nitric acid is a colorless, yellow or red, fuming liquid with an acrid, suffocating odor. Nitric acid, 70% ww 7697 37 2 persistence and degradability biodegradability. Our most common strengths of nitric acid are 38%, 58% and 67%. Whenlargescale production of nitric acid began, sodium nitrate.
Since nitric acid has both acidic and basic properties, it can undergo an autoprotolysis reaction, similar to the selfionization of. I have not found a reference on this topic that goes. Acidic properties of hno3 hno3 is a strong monobasicmonoprotic acid i. The volatility characteristics of low concentrations of chloride in the same concentration range of nitric acid have been. Now, let us see the various properties of the nitric acid. If a performance test was conducted, report the following. Nitric acid free download as powerpoint presentation. Fuming nitric acid is concentrated nitric acid that contains dissolved nitrogen diox ide. A greater amount of nitric acid of average strength of 80 per cent, is obtained by using wet nitrate 2 to 2. The commercial production of nitric acid is by oxidizing anhydrous ammonia to nitric oxide, in the presence of platinum catalyst at a high temperature ostwald process. There are different concentrations of nitric acid available, and they are colorless. Nitric acid these corrosion data are mainly based on results of general corrosion laboratory tests, carried out with pure chemicals and water solutions nearly saturated with air the corrosion rate can be quite different if the solution is free from oxygen.
Nitric acid is an inorganic compound that is used diversely in manufacturing processes and in metal working. Nitric acid is the most popular and helpful oxoacid of nitrogen. Nitric acid hno3 cid 944 structure, chemical names, physical and chemical properties. Colorless, yellow, or red, fuming liquid with an acrid, suffocating odor. Use of the information, documents and data from the echa website is subject to the terms and conditions of this legal notice, and subject to other binding limitations provided for under applicable law, the information, documents and data made available on the echa website may be reproduced, distributed andor used, totally or in part, for noncommercial purposes provided that echa is. Aqua fortis 7697372 hno 3 68 70 water 7732185 h 2 o 30 32 trade secret statement. In particular, he wanted to know how to maintain nitric acids oxidative ability at moderate dilutions. Type of nitric acid process used for each nitric acid train low, medium, or dual pressure. The manufacture of nitric acid the role of platinum alloy gauzes in the ammonia oxidation process by h. The chemical properties of nitric oxide and related. History, occurrence, preparation, and properties of nitric acid. Local exhaust ventilation or breathing protection is required. The composition of vapors from aqueous nitric acid solutions boiling at 200 mm mercury total pressure is established for solutions containing between 0 and 67,5 tvo nitric acid.
Immediately flush eyes with plenty of water for at least 30 minutes, holding lids apart to ensure flushing of the entire surface. Most commercially available nitric acid has a concentration of 68% in water. Nitric acid, nitrous acid, and nitrogen oxides michael thiemann, uhde gmbh. Since a principal use of nitric acid is to produce ammonium nitrate for fertilizer, the heaviest concentrations of nitric acid production facilities are located in. Passing a current of dry air through this liquid removes the n 2 o 5, and leaves a colourless liquid with a 98. This chapter discusses some of the biologically relevant chemistry of nitric oxide no as a preface to an understanding its physiological and pathophysiological properties. Hno3, aqua fortis, azotic acid, concentrated nitric acid other than red fuming, engravers acid. Nitric acid journal of chemical education acs publications. Notes readme this chemical laboratory information profile is not a material safety data sheet. Nitric acid is a nitrogen oxoacid of formula hno3 in which the nitrogen atom is bonded to a hydroxy group and by equivalent bonds to the remaining two oxygen atoms. Fuming nitric acid is obtained by distilling this acid with concentrated sulphuric acid.
Nitric acid is an acid which means that it has acidic properties. Impure acid or pure acid on standing develops yellow color due to the presence of dissolved oxides of nitrogen mainly no 2 it is completely soluble in water and forms a constant boiling mixture 120. Nitric acid is a strong monobasic acid and an oxidizing agent, which is characterized by a colorless, yellow, or red liquid. Nitric acid is a clear colorless liquid that is very corrosive. To be undertaken only by trained personnel in conjunction with a current safety data sheet sds and sitespecific risk assessment. Highly toxic by inhalation, corrosive to skin and mucous membranes, strong oxidizer.
It has a molecular formula of hno 3 and its molar mass is 63. Information on basic physical and chemical properties. Nitric acid is a corrosive mineral acid that supplies a nitro group during nitration and is also commonly used as an oxidizing agent. Nitric acid is a strong acid that occurs in nature onlyintheformofnitratesalts. Friedrich wilhelm ostwald at the start of 20 th century developed a process in which ammonia. Number of times in the reporting year that missing data procedures were followed to measure nitric acid production months. Environment, safety, health, and quality division chapter 53 nitric acid safe handling guideline 20 may 20 slaci7300a09t010r002 2 of 2. Persons with preexisting skin disorders, eye disease, or cardiopulmonary diseases may be more susceptible to. General references physical properties of pure substances tables 21 physical properties of the elements and inorganic compounds. Health risks of nitric acidcontaining cleaning products bfr. Being a strong acid, it is highly soluble in water.
An etching agent of equal portions of acetone, nitric acid, and 75% acetic acid exploded 4 hours after it was prepared and placed in a closed bottle. Nitric acid, colorless, fuming, and highly corrosive liquid that is a common laboratory reagent and an important industrial chemical for the manufacture of. This was called microbial production of citric acid. Pure nitric acid is a colorless fuming liquid with a pungent odor. It is a red liquid made by bubbling no2 gasthrough concentrated hno3. Acute toxicity of fumes from heated, concentrated nitric acid inhaled. Online chemistry tutorial iit, cbse chemistry, icse chemistry, engineering and medical chemistry entrance exams, chemistry viva, chemistry job interviews. Nitric acid environment, safety, health, and quality.
Concentrated nitric acid reacts with metals such as copper but it does not give off hydrogen gas. Nitrating acid, mixture, with pdf available via license. Preparation of solutions calculator is a useful tool which allows you to calculate how many solid chemicals or stock solutions you will need to prepare the desired solution. Azane can be used to remove grease due to its cleansing properties. Properties of ammonia in its aqueous state is used as a refrigerant. Concentrated nitric acid 69 to 71% is a transparent, colorless or yellowish fuming, suffocating, hygroscopic, corrosive liquid. Introduction concentrated nitric acid is a clear, colourless to pale yellow liquid with a strong, sharp odour. Those properties include a ph below 7, a bitter taste and a sometimes violent reaction with other metals. Composition of vapors from boiling nitric acid solutions. Nitric acid h no 3, also known as aqua fortis latin for strong water and spirit of niter, is a highly corrosive mineral acid the pure compound is colorless, but older samples tend to acquire a yellow cast due to decomposition into oxides of nitrogen and water. Nitric acid the university of kansas health system. Dilute nitric acid may be concentrated by distillation until a constant boiling point mixture is obtained 98%.
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